The companion set to Workshop 5. Twelve real-style questions on sentence boundaries, matched pairs, and comma rules. Read each side of the mark first, then choose the one that fits.
A mark sets a boundary, so before you pick one, cover the blank and read each side on its own. Is each side a complete sentence or a fragment? Is a phrase in the middle extra information that needs fencing? That tells you which mark is legal, then you choose the one that fits. Here is how the wrong choices go wrong:
Comma Splice. Two complete sentences joined by only a comma; a comma is too weak for that.
Missing Mark. A needed mark left out, fusing two sentences or dropping the pause an introduction or list needs.
Wrong Mark for the Job. A real mark, but not the one these two sides call for (a colon after a fragment, a semicolon before a list).
Unmatched Pair. A parenthetical fenced with two different marks; the opening and closing have to match.
Needless Comma. A comma dropped in where nothing needs separating, splitting a subject from its verb.
Question 1 of 12
BoundariesWarm-up
For centuries, mapmaking was a jealously guarded ______ charts could tip the balance of a war.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
The takeaway: Cover the blank and read each side: both are complete sentences, so the join must be strong. A semicolon does it; a comma makes a splice, no mark makes a run-on, and a semicolon does not take 'and' after it.
BoundariesMedium
The expedition feared just one thing on the final ______ grew dangerously scarce above the highest camp.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
The takeaway: When a complete sentence promises something and the next words deliver the explanation, a colon introduces the reveal. A comma makes a splice, no mark makes a run-on, and a semicolon does not take 'and.'
BoundariesWarm-up
The new telescope could gather faint starlight for hours on ______ finally photographed galaxies too dim for the eye.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
The takeaway: When a FANBOYS word (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so) joins two complete sentences, put a comma before it. Drop the comma and you get a run-on; drop the conjunction and you get a splice; add a semicolon and you join twice.
BoundariesMedium
Rewilding does not mean walking away from the ______ resumes control on its own terms.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
The takeaway: Two complete sentences can be split by a period, which capitalizes the next word, or a semicolon, which does not. A comma between them is a splice, and no mark is a run-on.
ParentheticalMedium
Katherine ______ spent more than three decades at NASA.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
The takeaway: A phrase that adds extra information about a noun is fenced on both ends by matching marks. Two commas hold it; a comma with no partner, or a comma paired with a dash, breaks the fence.
ParentheticalChallenge
The composers she ______ had all been overlooked for generations.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
The takeaway: When the extra phrase already contains commas, dashes (or parentheses) fence it so the reader can tell the fence from the list. The opening and closing dashes must match.
CommasWarm-up
Because the new vaccine could be stored at room temperature, ______ to villages far from any clinic.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
The takeaway: The subject 'nurses' and its verb 'carried' are the spine of the sentence, and nothing separates a subject from its verb or a verb from its object. A semicolon needs a full sentence on each side.
CommasWarm-up
After tracking the herd for almost a ______ finally spotted the newborn calf near the river.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
The takeaway: An introductory word, phrase, or clause is followed by a comma that marks where the setup ends and the main sentence begins. Stronger marks need a complete sentence on the left, which an introduction does not provide.
CommasMedium
Only the ______ are eligible for the travel grant.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
The takeaway: If a clause is needed to identify what you are talking about (which students?), it is essential and takes no commas. Only extra, droppable information gets fenced off.
CommasWarm-up
The community garden's starter kit includes ______ for the first planting.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
The takeaway: Simple items in a series are separated by commas. Save the semicolon for items that already contain commas, and never drop a comma between the last item and the phrase that follows it.
BoundariesChallenge
The professor listed the three field sites in strict ______
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
The takeaway: A complete sentence introduces the list with a colon, and because each item ('Lima, Peru') already contains a comma, semicolons separate the items. This is the one place a semicolon divides list items instead of joining sentences.
ParentheticalMedium
Her ______ urged her to publish the notes before winter.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
The takeaway: A phrase that renames a noun is extra information fenced by matching marks on both ends. Two commas hold it; a comma with no partner, or a comma paired with a dash, breaks the pair.
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